Creating a Migration<\/strong>: Use the Artisan command to create a new migration:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\nphp artisan make:migration create_users_table<\/pre>\nThis will generate a migration file in the database\/migrations<\/code> folder with a timestamp in its filename, like:<\/p>\n2024_09_19_145823_create_users_table.php<\/pre>\n\u00a0 \u00a0 3.Migration Structure<\/strong>: A migration file contains two methods:<\/p>\n\nup()<\/code>: Defines the changes to apply to the database, like creating a table or adding columns.<\/li>\ndown()<\/code>: Defines how to reverse the changes made by up()<\/code>. This is used to roll back migrations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nExample of a migration for creating a users<\/code> table:<\/p>\n<?php\r\n\r\nuse Illuminate\\Database\\Migrations\\Migration;\r\nuse Illuminate\\Database\\Schema\\Blueprint;\r\nuse Illuminate\\Support\\Facades\\Schema;\r\n\r\nclass CreateUsersTable extends Migration\r\n{\r\n\/**\r\n* Run the migrations.\r\n*\r\n* @return void\r\n*\/\r\npublic function up()\r\n{\r\nSchema::create('users', function (Blueprint $table) {\r\n$table->id();\r\n$table->string('name');\r\n$table->string('email')->unique();\r\n$table->timestamp('email_verified_at')->nullable();\r\n$table->string('password');\r\n$table->timestamps();\r\n});\r\n}\r\n\r\n\/**\r\n* Reverse the migrations.\r\n*\r\n* @return void\r\n*\/\r\npublic function down()\r\n{\r\nSchema::dropIfExists('users');\r\n}\r\n}<\/pre>\n\u00a0 \u00a04.Running Migrations<\/strong>: After creating your migration files, you can run them using the following command:<\/p>\nphp artisan migrate<\/pre>\nThis command will execute all the migrations that haven’t been run yet.<\/p>\n
\u00a0 5.Rolling Back Migrations<\/strong>: You can roll back the last batch of migrations using:<\/p>\nphp artisan migrate:rollback<\/pre>\nThis will run the down()<\/code> method of the most recently run migrations.<\/p>\nIf you want to reset all migrations, use:<\/p>\n
php artisan migrate:reset<\/pre>\nTo refresh the entire database (rolling back and running all migrations again), use:<\/p>\n
php artisan migrate:refresh<\/pre>\n\u00a0 6.Modifying Tables<\/strong>: You can create migrations to modify existing tables. For example, if you want to add a column to an existing table, run:<\/p>\nphp artisan make:migration add_age_to_users_table --table=users<\/pre>\nThen, inside the up()<\/code> method, you would add the column:<\/p>\nSchema::table('users', function (Blueprint $table) {\r\n$table->integer('age')->nullable();\r\n});<\/pre>\n <\/p>\n
The down()<\/code> method should remove the column if you roll back the migration:<\/p>\nSchema::table('users', function (Blueprint $table) {\r\n$table->dropColumn('age');\r\n});<\/pre>\n\u00a0 7.Seeding Data<\/strong>: Laravel also supports database seeding, which allows you to insert test data into your tables. You can create a seeder with:<\/p>\nphp artisan make:seeder UsersTableSeeder<\/pre>\nTo run seeders:<\/p>\n
php artisan db:seed<\/pre>\n